Magneto-generator.



T. W. MORGAN MAGNETO GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.25,1912.

Patented Dec. 1, 1914.

3 SHEETSSHEET 1.

MORGAN MA 1NETO GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MA'R.25,1912\ i-aaented Dec. 1, 191

a SHEETSSHEET 2.

"575555 5555: Wfldm T. W. MORGAN.

MAGNBTO GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.25,1912.

Patented Dec. 1, 1914 3 SHEET$SHEET 3.

Cir

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS w. MQRGAN, or WATERLOOQIOWA, ASSIGNOR To WILBUR w. MARSH, OF

- wAT nLoo, IOWA.

MAGNETo GENERAToR.

Specification of, Letters latent.

Patented Dec. 1, 1914.

T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Tnonas W. MORGAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Waterloo, in the county of Blackhawk and State of Iowa, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Magneto- Generators, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates to magneto generators, and has more particular reference to improvements in magnetos of the class used in ignition systems for internal combustion engines.

()ne of the objects of my invention is to provide an improved magneto which will be simple, durable and reiiable in construction, and effective and eiiicient in operation.

Another object of my invention is to provide an improved magneto structure which will be so constructed and arranged that the parts thereof will be interchangeable and may be manufactured in large quantities and assembled without adjustment.

A fi'lrthcr object of my i113 ention is to provide an improved field pole-piece which may be -foi'med up from sheet metal without the aid of expensive machine work.

Another object of my invention is to provide a magneto having improved means for conveniently timing the magneto with the engine with which it is used, without disturbing the parts of the magneto or necessitating its being disassembled.

To the attainment of these ends and the accomplishment of other new and useful ob jects, hereinafter appearing, my invention consists in the features of novelty disclosed in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts and herein described and claimed, and shown in the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one embodiment of my invention, and in which Figure 1 is a central, longitudinal, vertical section of a magneto generator embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is transverse vertical section on the line 22 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transverse, vertical section on the line 33 of Fig. 1, the end of the armature being shown in elevation. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section partly in elevation on the line of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of Ldevicefor holding the clamping bolts from turning, and Figs. 6 to 13 inclusive are detail views of modifications of my improved pole-piece, Fig. 7 being a sectional view on line 77 of Fig. 6, Fig. 9 is a sectional view on line 9-9 of Fig. 8. Fig. 11 is a sectional view on line' 1 l-11 of Fig. 10, and Fig. 13 is an end view of the pole-piece shown in Fig. 12.

In the drawings I have illustrated my invention as embodied in a magneto generator designed to be used more particularly for igniting the charge in gas engines of the single cylinder type adapted for rotation in either direction, but it will be clearly manifest to one skilled in the art, after having obtained an understanding of my invention from the disclosures herein made, that my invention is not restricted to the particular structure shown, nor is its application limited to singe cylinder engines.

The magneto shown in the drawings has a casing or frame A which is preferably constructed as an inclosure so as to protect the operating parts of the magneto from dirt and injur Access, however, must be gained to the interior thereof at times for the purpose of inspection, cleaning and re-.- pair, hence t is necessary .to occasionally disassemble tl e structure. 'It is desirable, therefore, that the structure be capable of being assembled in operative relation without further adjustment than the mere placing together of the parts.

hi the structure shown the frame A has journal bearings 1 and 2 at the ends thereof, preferably formed integral therewith. The frame is preferably divided into two sections separably fitted together at their abut-v 9. ting edges 3 and respectively as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. These abutting edges are formed as lap or shoulder joints and are curved on arcs, the center of which is the axis of the journal bearings, hence when the two frame sections are placed together the hearings will always properly line up without further adjustment. The-sides 5 of the frame are faced off so that they lie in ,pla'nes parallel to each other. The base portion (3 of the frame projects laterally as shown, so as to form ledges '7 upon which the ends of the permanent lield magnets 8 rest, hence the mag- All;

nets 8 will always be positioned properly in relation: to the frame without the necessity of. further adjustment each time the parts are assembled. a

Each side of the frame is provided with a detachable' field pole-piece which projects intothe open side thereof and embraces the otaryrarmature D. in the structure shown Figs. Ito 4: inclusive, the pole-pieces are composed of arc shaped plates 9 and flat supportingplates 10, but as shown in Figs. 8 to Qinciusive and 12 and 13, they may be formed up from one piece of metal. The ole-piieceplates ,9 are preferably rectangu-- ar andware blanked out and formed or pressed up from sheet metal of suitable I thickness. 1 The pole-piece plates 9 after bein given an arc-shaped formation are faced flat. as indicated at 12, (Figs. 2 and 3) so that they may be firmly mounted on the backing .or supporting plates 10. The two plates comprising each pole piece may be securely. fastened together by means of several rivets13, the heads of which preferably do not project beyond the plate surfaces.

.The supporting plates are rectangular but somewhat longer than the field plates, and

the bolts 16 and nuts 17.

bolts 16 may be inserted through suitable are provided 'with holes 10 at their corners through which bolts 14 may be inserted and screwed into the frame section (Fig. l) to clamp the pole-pieces in position at the sides of the frame and at the same time hold the frame sections together. As is manifest, the pole-pieces also serve to completely close the open sides of the frame and prevent moisture and dirt from gaining access to the interior mechanism. The permanent field magnets 8 bridge the frame structure, and their lower end 8- as before mentioned rest on the ledges 7 of the base 6. These magnets may be firmly clamped flatly against the plates 10 by means of the plates or strips 15, The clamping holes in the backing plates 10 from the inner s des thereof, and may belong enough to project beyond the magnets and receive the clamping plates or strips 15 and nuts 17.

-These bolts may be prevented from turning by means of small metal clips 18 (Fig. 5).

' The clips 18 as shown are placed between pole-piece plates 9 and 10 and one of their edges 19 are arranged to fit the slots in the heads 20 of the bolts. The edges 19 have lugs 21 to prevent the clips from becoming displaced endwise.

The armature D is preferably of the bipolar type comprising the two heads or poles 25'connected by a core 26, and a suitable winding 27 on the core between the poles. The ends of the armature maybe provided with disks or circular plates 29 and 30 1 which may be secured thereto, so as to be easily disassembled, by means of a number of screws .31. These end plates or disks 29.

and -30 carry the centrally positioned stud shafts 32 and 33, arranged in axial u-linement and rotatably mounted in the journal bearings 1 and 2 respectively. The shaft 33 is hollow and carries an insulating sleeye as, having a metal plug 35 inserted in-its inner end. On this plug is a terminal clip 36, to which one end of the armature winding may be connected. A. brush 37 is mounted in the armature by means of a spring 39 inter-.

posed between the inner endof the brush and plug. The binding post 38 is mounted in an insulating plug or cap 40 set into the end of the journal bearing 2 and is fastened in place by a set screw 4 1,.whereby it may be readily removed and access gained to the interior of the bearing whenever desired. The other terminal (not shown 1 of the armature winding may be grounded directly on the armature metal as usual. The other shaft 32 projects beyondv the end of the journal bearing 1 a sufficient distance to receive a gear for driving the magneto.

Magneto generators of the character herein described are more particularly used in connection with the ignition systems of gas engines, and, as is well known, it is customary to mount the magneto on the frame of the engine in such position that a train of gears or a chain belt may be connected between the armature shaft 32 and the engine shaft for the purpose of driving the magneto, and these driving mechanisms are pro portioned to drive the magneto at a speed consistent with the speed of the engine, to secure the best sparking results. It is also customary to connect the insulated terminal 38 of the magneto with the corresponding insulated terminal of the make-and-break sparking apparatus of the gas engine, and to ground the other terminal of the armature winding on the frame of the machine.

My improved magneto is designed more particularly for use in connection with gas engines intended to run in either direction, and since the magneto is connected therewith by a positive driving mechanism, as above mentioned, the magneto must necessarily run in either direction corresponding to the engine. It is a matter or" common knowledge in magneto generators of the bipolar type, that the alternating current wave reaches its maximum value when the polarity of the armature is reversed at a certain point in its revolution, hence the current is of maximum value for sparking or ignition. purposes at this point. This point, however, as is well known, changes in accordance with the direction of rotation of the armature. For instance, in "the structure shpwn, dnringthe rotation of the arms ture in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 3) the current rises to its maximum value when the armature poles 25 reach substantially the position indicated by the doted line During the opposite direction of rotation the current rises to maximum value at about the time the arn'iature arrives in the position indicated by the dotted line Y-Y. In order, therefore, to secure the best sparking resuits, the magneto should be timed so that the spark takes place when the armature is in either of these positions. depending on the direction of rotation. This is usually done by adjusting the gear on the armature shaft until the position of the armature is timed or coincides with the make-and-break a'oparatus of the engine. Hence, whenever the direction of rotation of the engine is reversed. it is necessary to change inc adjusiment of the magneto with respect thereto. In the present magnetos on the market the magnet must be partially disassembled so tllat t is armature "can be seen while the ad just:. eat being made. I avoid all of these ions. 3 predeterminc the positions of ture and provide timing mechanism acces. Wle from the outside of the magneto frame whereby the armature may be tomporarily held in either of its predoteri'ninod positions without disturbing or disassenr' cling the parts in any manner. This mechanism is arranged to automatically release the instant the armature is rotated after adjustment. Referring more particularl to Fi 8 and 4-, it will be observed that in the end of the fraine's ection which carries the journal bearing 1, there is provided two small headed pins or plugs 45, one on each side of the shaft 32, and preferably arranged in a horizontal plane. These are freely movable longitudinally in the frame. The project outwardly beyond the casing in such manner that the may be readily pressed inwardly by the lingers. The end plate or disk 2 of the armature may be provided with a small depression or socket 47. so disposed that when the socket is alincd with one or the other of the stop pins if), the armature will be in one or the other of its predetermined positions, indicated by the dotted lines XX or Y-Y, depending upon the direction of rotation of the armature. The head 4-6 of a stop pin, when the pin is pressed inwardly, enters the timing socket l7 and thereby the armature may be held against rotation as long as the pressure is maintained on the pin. but as soon as the pin is released the rotation of the armature automatically throws the pin outwardly in a non-holding position. it will thus be seen that when it is desired to time the magneto with the engine it is simply necessary to loosen the gear ,on the armature shaft, press inwardly the pin correspcmding to'the desired direction of rotation of the armature, and turn the armature until the ,pinen ages the depression d7. ihiis the armature may be held in its predetermined position while the sparking apparatus is timed therewith. The

gear on the armature shaft may then be backing plate 10, is formed in the manner shown in section in Fig. 9. The pole plate 9 has angularly disposed flanges 9 and these flanges have short lugs 10 which are inserted through holes or notches in the backing plate and riveted. Figs. 6 and 7 and 10 to 13 inclusive illustrate pole pieces wherein the pole plate and the supporting or backing plate are combined into one piece of metal. ln the form of pole piece (Figs. (3 and '7) the curved portion 9 of the pole piece is obtained by punching and forming up the central portion of the sheet of metal, a portion of the metal 11 being left uncut to hold the curved and flat portions together. Figs. 10 and 11 .show another one-piece pole piece by which the magnetic lines of force maybe concentrated more mrticularly in the this structure it will be seen that the plate is blanked out from a flat sheet of metal and its upper and lower edges 11 bent orv formed inwardly to angular positions in such mannor that the edges 11 lie in proper inductive relation to the armature, as indicated by the dotted lines 11*. Figs. 12 and 13 show a simpler form of pole piece wherein the plate is curved to conform to the curvature of the armature, and is provided with short into-- gral lugs or extensions 11", having bolt holes 11', whereby the pole piece may be attached to the frame of the machine.

It will thus be observed that my invenlion is capable of various modifications without departing from the spirit thereof, and I Wish it to be clearly understood that I am not limited to the particular structures shown in the drawings.

\Vhat I claim as new is:

i. In a n'iagneto generator of the class dcscribed. the combination of a frame divided into a plurality of sections separably fitted together, and a pole-piece dctachably scoured thereto and holding saidframe sections in assembled relation.

In a magneto generator of the class de scribed, the combination of a frame divided into a plurality of sections soparably fitted together and having alined journal bearings, pole-pieces mounted on said frame and holding said sections in assembled relation. 13C

on their edges,

edges of the plate. In

8. In a magneto generator of the class described, the combination of a frame divided into a plurality of sections separably fitted together and having alined journal bearings, pole-pieces mounted on said frame and holding said sections in assembled relation, and a permanent magnet detachably clamped against said pole pieces,

4. In a magneto generator of the class described, the combination of an open-sided framedivided into two separable interfitting sections, pole-pieces disposed at the sides of-isaid frame, and means securing said frame sections and pole-pieces in assembled relation. r

5. In a magneto generator of the class described, the combination of a plurality of sections forming when assembled together a frame structure, alined journal bearings in said sections, and pole-pieces rcmovably fastoned to said sections, and adapted to main tain said sections in assembled relation.

6. In a magneto generator of the class described, the combination of a plurality of sections forming when assembled together a frame structure, alined journal bearings in said sections, pole-pieces removably fastened tosaid sections-and adapted to maintain said sections in assembled. relation, and an armature rotatablymounted in said bearings and freely removable therefrom when said framed sections are separated.

7; In a magneto generator of the class described, the combination of a plurality of sections forming when assembled an opensided frame structure, pole-pieces closing the open sides of said frame, and means holding said frame-sections and pole pieces in assembled relation. r 8. In a magneto generator of the class described, the combination of two bearing members adaptedto aline when assembled, an armature rotatably mounted therein, and freely removable therefrom by disassembling said members, pole-pieces mounted on and movably holding said members in assembled relation, and a permanent field magnet fastened in engagement with said polepieces.

9. In a magneto generator, of the class described, the combination of a frame divided intermediate its ends into separable sections, pole-pieces spanning said sections, means securing said sections and pole-pieces in an assembled structure, hearings in said sec tions, an armature rotatable therein, and permanent field magnets positioned in contact with said pole-pieces.

10. In a magneto generator of the class described, the'combination of a frame divided intermediate its ends into separable sections, pole-pieces spanning said sections, meanssecuring said sections and polepieces in-sll essembled structure, hearings in said frame and pole-pieces assembled the class together, permanent field magnets clamped against said pole-pieces, and ledges on said frame for positioningsaid magnets.

13 in a magneto generator of the class described, the combination. of a frame having alined ournal bearings, an armature rotatably iounted in said bearings, a polepiece mounted on each side of said frame and projecting into said frame in position to embrace said armature, and a permanent field magnet bridging said frame and having 1ts end portions detachably clamped against said pole-pieces.

14, In a nias'neto generator of the class 1 1 a n n 1 described, tne combination or a ing journal bearings and divided vertically on an arc concentric with said bearings, an armature IOtdi'ablfi in said bearings and removable therefrom. by the separation e 1e parts of the frame, polapieces common to and. holding said frame parts in assembled relation, and field magnets arranged in position against said pole-pieces.

15. In a magneto generator of the c ass described, the combination of a frame hav ing journal bearings and divided vertically on an arc concentric with said bearings an armature rotatable in said bearings and removable therefrom by the separation of the parts of the frame, polepieces common to and holding said frame parts in assembled relation, a base for said frame forming lec ges at the sides thereof, permanent field magnets having their ends resting on and positioned by said ledges, and means detachably clamping said magnets against said pole-pieces.

16. In magneto generator of the class described, the combination of frame having 1 hearings in the end thereof and centrallf, divided into two parts on a curve concentric with the axis of said hear'ngs, an armature rotatable in said be 4' freely re movable therefrom when the frain parts are disassembled, members bridging the corresponding sides of said frame "parts and holding said carts in assembled relation,

in said jaositioned besectional to b field contact with said bridging pole members carried'by said members and embracing said armature, and permanent magnets having their poles clamped in members.

17. In a magneto generator of the class described, the combination of frame having hearings in the end thereof and centrally divided into two parts on a curve concentric with the axis of said bearings and freely removable therefrom when the frame parts are disassembled, members bridging the corresponding sides of said frame parts and holding'said parts in assembled relation, pole members carried by said members and embracing said armature, magnets having their poles positioned against said bridging members, and clamping bolts carried by said bridging members for detachably fastening said magnets in position.

18. In a magneto generator of the class described, the combination of two bearing members separably fitted end to end in alinement by shoulder joints curved on an arc the center of which is the axis of said bearings, pole pieces disposed on o posite sid'es thereof and comprising curve pole plates and supporting members carried thereby and fastened to said bearing members for holding said bearing members together, an armature rotatable in said bearings between said ole plates, and field magnets removably cihmped against said supporting members.

19. A pole-piece for magneto generators comprising an arcuate sheet metal pole-piece member having a flat sheet metal supporting member substantially tangential to the center of said pole-piece member.

20. A pole-piece for magneto generators comprising a plate of sheet metal formed to the proper curvature, and a backing plate fastened thereto.

21, A pole-piece for magneto generators comprising a flat plate of sheet metal, and curved sheet metal plate fastened thereto.

22. A pole-piece for magneto generators composed of two rectangular sheet metal plates riveted together, one of said plates eing curved to conform to the curvature of the armature with which it is to be used.

23. A pole-piece for magneto generators composed of two rectangular sheet metal plates riveted together, one of said plates being shorter than the other plate and curved to conform to the curvature of the armature with which it is to be used.

and permanent field v 24. In a magneto generator of the class described, the combination of a frame divided into separable sections, hearings in the said frame ada ted to aline when said sections are assembled, a sheet posed on each side of said frame and-holding said frame sections in assembled relation, a curved pole plate carried by said sheet metal plate and projecting into said frame, an armature rotatable. in said bearings between said pole plates and freely removable therefrom when the sections thereof are disassembled, field magnets removably mounted inengagement with said sheet metal lates, stop pins mounted in the end of sai frame and accessible from the exterior thereof and adapted to engage and temporarily hold said armature in a predetermined position corresponding to the period in its rotation wherein the maximum current is developed, said pins being adapted to be manually operated for holding the armature and to be automatically rendered inoperative when the armature is permitted to rotate.

25. The improved magneto generator for ignition pur oses herein described, comprising in com ination a frame divided into separable sections and having hearings in the ends thereof adapted to aline when the sections are assembled, an armature rotatably mounted in said bearings and freely removable therefrom when the frame sections are disassembled, sheet .metal pole pieces detachably mounted at the sides of said frame and holding said sections in assembled relation and disposed in inductive relation to said armature, stop devices mounted in the end of said frame, operable from the exterior of the frame and arranged in predetermined positions corresponding to the positions in the rotation of said armature wherein the maximum current is delivered, said armature having recesses at its end adapted to be engaged by whichever stop device is actuated to temporarily hold the armature in the particular predetermined position corresponding to the direction of rotation of the armature.

In testimony whereof. I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribi witnesses, on this 22nd day of MarchAf 1912.

THOMAS W. MORGAN. Witnesses: 7'

EsMn'r. WALTON, EDGAR FRANCIS Bmnmu.

metal plate dis-' 

